The third teacher, the environment, when appropriately constructed has the ability to guide and facilitate learning and behavior. The second teacher is you, the caregiver within the classroom setting. According to the philosophy, the child’s first teacher is a parent who takes on the role of an active participant in guiding the education of the child. The classroom environment can help shape a child’s identity as a leader in his or her own life and the life of others. The environment should be responsive to the need for teachers and children to create learning together. In Reggio Emilia programs, the environment is known as the third teacher because of its importance to development and learning. These principles are developed through exploration and discovery in a supportive and enriching environment created based on the interests of the children. The Reggio Emilia philosophy is based on the principles of respect, responsibility, and community. In Italy, after World War II, a teacher by the name of Loris Malaguzzi and parents in the villages outside Reggio Emilia, which were destroyed by the war, got together to create a new approach for teaching young children. " In order to act as an educator for the child the environment has to be flexible it must undergo frequent modification by the children and the teachers in order to remain up-to-date and responsive to their needs to be protagonists in constructing their knowledge.
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